Also called age-related macular degeneration or AMD, macular degeneration is a condition that affects the area of the retina called the macula. The macula is the most sensitive part of the retina, containing millions of tiny light receptors that are responsible for clear central vision. When the macula deteriorates or becomes damaged, central vision becomes cloudy, blurry or dark. Eventually, AMD can cause complete loss of central vision.

The most common symptom as the disease progresses is a blurriness in the central area of vision which eventually becomes larger. Dark or “blank” spots may develop in your central field of vision, and objects may not appear as bright as they once did. AMD can develop very slowly in some people, causing very few symptoms for a long period of time. In other people, the disease progresses quickly, causing vision loss in one or both eyes. Although it doesn’t cause complete blindness, AMD can interfere with your ability to drive, to work, to perform simple household tasks and to see faces.

To date, there is no treatment, but the preventive steps described below may help slow disease progression. Ask one of our doctors about vitamin supplements that may also help.

The most common risk factors for AMD include:

• older age

• smoking

• family history of AMD

• white race

Even if you’re at an increased risk for macular degeneration, there are some lifestyle changes you can make to help reduce those risks or slow the progression of the disease, including:

• quitting smoking

• eating a healthy diet with plenty of fish and leafy, green vegetables

• keeping your blood pressure and cholesterol levels in check

• getting plenty of exercise and physical activity